The last picture shows a steam locomotive and uses parallelogram distortion to imply forward speed. This effect had its origin in photography. The Graflex cameras of the early 20th century use a focal plane shutter whose slot sweeps downward from the top to the bottom of the film. Since the image is inverted, its bottom is exposed first and its top last. During that interval the subject has moved forward causing the perceived distortion. For a given scan rate the amount of distortion is proportional to the subject's speed. Artists and cartoonists soon adopted that effect to imply speed in the pictures they created.
Elizabeth Cotten. I used to drive to Boston in the mid-sixties to hear her when she played at the Turks Head on Charles Street. Left handed, she played her guitar upside down.
Trains are also the most energy efficient and environmentally clean way to travel, especially if powered by "green" electricity.
The last picture shows a steam locomotive and uses parallelogram distortion to imply forward speed. This effect had its origin in photography. The Graflex cameras of the early 20th century use a focal plane shutter whose slot sweeps downward from the top to the bottom of the film. Since the image is inverted, its bottom is exposed first and its top last. During that interval the subject has moved forward causing the perceived distortion. For a given scan rate the amount of distortion is proportional to the subject's speed. Artists and cartoonists soon adopted that effect to imply speed in the pictures they created.
That's really interesting about the Graflex. I wonder if artists knew the science or simply the effect.
Elizabeth Cotten. I used to drive to Boston in the mid-sixties to hear her when she played at the Turks Head on Charles Street. Left handed, she played her guitar upside down.
That is very cool.